SB2360 CD1

PART I

SECTION 1. The legislature finds that the enterprise zone program was established in 1986 for the purpose of stimulating business, agricultural, and industrial growth in areas to revitalize neighborhoods by providing public benefits to local companies. In addition to stimulating business activity, the enterprise zone program also promotes job preservation and job creation in areas designated by the counties and approved by the governor. Benefits for local companies include permitting and zoning assistance, fee waivers, tax relief, and more.

The legislature further finds that the most common industries participating in the enterprise zone program are agricultural production or processing, manufacturing, and wholesaling. Other eligible industries include aviation or maritime repair or maintenance; telecommunication switching and delivery; information technology design and production; medical research, clinical trials, and telemedicine; for-profit training programs in international business management or environmental remediation; biotechnology research, development, production, or sales; repair or maintenance of assistive technology equipment used by persons with disabilities; certain call centers; and wind energy production.

The legislature additionally finds that, for decades, a manufacturer of tangible products has only been eligible for enterprise zone program benefits if over one-half of the gross sales of its products are to wholesalers and the sale takes place within the enterprise zone. This qualification was established before modern innovations in manufacturing and retail sales. Since the program's establishment, business models have significantly changed, and local manufacturers now often skip selling to wholesalers and go directly to retail, making those manufacturers ineligible to participate in the enterprise zone program. Allowing local manufacturers that sell directly to retail to be eligible for the enterprise zone program will help lift local businesses and promote job creation and job preservation for local families looking to thrive in Hawaii.

Accordingly, the purpose of this part is to modernize the enterprise zone program by:

(1) Allowing additional activities within an enterprise zone to qualify for enterprise zone benefits, specifically:

(A) Retail activity by a local manufacturer made within the enterprise zone;

(B) The processing of value-added agriculture products;

(D) Activities of the Hawaii food and product innovation network;

(E) The provision of professional services by health care professionals in health care-related sectors;

(F) Research and development of aerospace technology; and

(G) Information technology design and production services;

(2) Authorizing the department of business, economic development, and tourism to declare up to two census tracts on state land that contain an innovation enterprise to be designated as an enterprise zone, subject to the governor's approval; and

(3) Requiring the department of business, economic development, and tourism to conduct a comprehensive review, in consultation with the department of taxation, of the state enterprise zones program and report to the legislature.

SECTION 2. Section 209E-2, Hawaii Revised Statutes, is amended as follows:

1. By adding four new definitions to be appropriately inserted and to read:

""Hawaii food and product innovation network" means an entity engaged in research, development, testing, production, or commercialization of proprietary or novel food products, including food processing technologies, value-added food products derived from agricultural crops, and food science and nutrition research with commercial applications; provided that the entity's primary business activity involves such research, development, testing, production, or commercialization.

"Innovation enterprise" means an area located on property owned by the State that is intended to support, or currently contains, businesses primarily engaged in space domain awareness; information technology design and production services; aerospace, medical technology, biomedical, or life sciences research and development; clinical trials; or pharmaceutical manufacturing.

"Tangible personal property" means property that can be touched or felt and relocated. "Tangible personal property" does not include electricity, real property, or intellectual property.

"Value-added agricultural product" means a product that has been processed, enhanced, or otherwise modified beyond its raw state in a manner that increases its economic value."

2. By amending the definition of "eligible business activity" to read:

""Eligible business activity" means the:

(1) Manufacture of tangible personal property, the wholesale sale of tangible personal property as described in section 237-4, the sale of tangible personal property manufactured and sold at retail in an enterprise zone for consumption or use by the purchaser and not for resale, or a service business as defined in this section;

(2) Production of agricultural products where the business is a producer as defined in section 237-5, or the processing of agricultural products[,] or value-added agricultural products, all or some of which were grown within an enterprise zone;

(3) Research, development, sale, or production of [~~all~~]:

(A) All types of [~~genetically-engineered~~] medical, agricultural, or maritime biotechnology products; [or] and

(B) Medical and health care services;

(4) Production of electric power from wind energy for sale primarily to a public utility company for resale to the public;

(5) Activities of the Hawaii food and product innovation network;

(6) The provision of professional services by health care professionals in health care-related sectors, including but not limited to home health care agencies, specialized care practices, and health coaching;

(7) Research and development of aerospace technology; or

(8) Information technology design and production services;

provided that medical cannabis dispensary activities pursuant to chapter 329D shall not be considered an eligible business activity for the purposes of this chapter."

SECTION 3. Section 209E-4, Hawaii Revised Statutes, is amended to read as follows:

"§209E-4 Enterprise zone designation. (a) The governing body of any county may apply in writing to the department to have an area declared to be an enterprise zone. The application shall include a description of the location of the area or areas in question, and a general statement identifying proposed local incentives to complement the state and any federal incentives.

(b) The governor, upon the recommendation of the director, shall approve the designation of up to six areas in each county as enterprise zones for a period of twenty years. Any such area shall be located in one United States census tract or two or more contiguous United States census tracts in accordance with the most recent decennial United States Census. The census tract or tracts within which each enterprise zone is located also shall meet at least one of the following criteria:

(1) Twenty-five per cent or more of the population have incomes below eighty per cent of the median family income of the county; or

(2) The unemployment rate is 1.5 times the state average.

(c) The department may declare up to two census tracts on state land that contain an innovation enterprise to be designated as an enterprise zone, subject to the governor's approval; provided that, notwithstanding any other provision of this section, the designation of census tracts pursuant to this subsection may be made without regard to county application requirements, geographic limitations, or eligibility criteria otherwise applicable to enterprise zones under this chapter."

SECTION 4. (a) The department of business, economic development, and tourism, in consultation with the department of taxation, shall conduct a comprehensive review of the state enterprise zones program established under chapter 209E, Hawaii Revised Statutes.

(b) The comprehensive review shall include:

(1) An evaluation of the economic impact of the program, including the number of jobs created and the types of industries supported;

(2) An assessment of whether existing enterprise zones continue to meet the statutory eligibility criteria for designation; and

(3) Revenues generated by participating companies for each county.

(c) The department of business, economic development, and tourism shall submit a report of its findings to the legislature no later than twenty days prior to the convening of the regular session of 2027.

PART II

SECTION 5. This part shall apply to business firms that are designated as a qualified business for the purposes of chapter 209E, Hawaii Revised Statutes, on or after July 1, 2026.

SECTION 6. Section 209E-9, Hawaii Revised Statutes, is amended by amending subsection (b) to read as follows:

"(b) A business firm may also be eligible to be designated a qualified business for purposes of this chapter if the business:

(1) Is actively engaged in the conduct of a trade or business in an eligible business activity in an area immediately [~~prior to~~] before the area being designated an enterprise zone;

(2) Meets the requirements of subsection (a)(2); and

(3) Either:

(A) Increases its average annual number of full-time employees employed at the business' establishment or establishments within enterprise zones located within the same county by at least ten per cent by the end of the first year of operation, and by at least fifteen per cent by the end of each of the fourth, fifth, sixth, [~~and~~] seventh, eighth, and ninth years of operation, and for businesses eligible for tax credits extending past the [~~seventh~~] ninth year, at least maintains that higher level of employment during each subsequent taxable year; provided that the percentage increase shall be based upon the employee count at the beginning of the initial year of operation within the enterprise zone or zones; or

(B) Increases its gross sales of agricultural crops produced, or agricultural products processed within enterprise zones located within the same county by two per cent annually."

SECTION 7. Section 209E-10, Hawaii Revised Statutes, is amended as follows:

1. By amending subsection (a) to read:

"(a) The department shall certify annually to the department of taxation the applicability of the tax credit provided in this chapter for a qualified business against any taxes due the State. Except for the general excise tax, the credit shall be eighty per cent of the tax due for the first tax year, seventy per cent of the tax due for the second tax year, sixty per cent of the tax due for the third tax year, fifty per cent of the tax due for the fourth tax year, forty per cent of the tax due for the fifth tax year, thirty per cent of the tax due for the sixth tax year, and twenty per cent of the tax due for each of the seventh [~~year.~~], eighth, and ninth tax years. For qualified businesses engaged in the manufacturing of tangible personal property or the producing or processing of agricultural products, the credit shall continue after the [~~seventh~~] ninth tax year at the rate of twenty per cent of the tax due for each of the subsequent three tax years. Any tax credit not usable shall not be applied to future tax years."

2. By amending subsection (c) to read:

"(c) In addition to any tax credit authorized under this section, any qualified business shall be entitled to a tax credit against any taxes due the State in an amount equal to a percentage of unemployment taxes paid. The amount of the credit shall be equal to eighty per cent of the unemployment taxes paid during the first tax year, seventy per cent of the taxes paid during the second tax year, sixty per cent of the taxes paid during the third tax year, fifty per cent of the taxes paid during the fourth tax year, forty per cent of the taxes paid during the fifth tax year, thirty per cent of the taxes paid during the sixth tax year, and twenty per cent of the taxes paid during each of the seventh [~~year.~~], eighth, and ninth tax years. For qualified businesses engaged in the manufacturing of tangible personal property or the producing or processing of agricultural products, the credit shall continue after the [~~seventh~~] ninth tax year in an amount equal to twenty per cent of the taxes paid during each of the subsequent three tax years."

SECTION 8. Section 209E-11, Hawaii Revised Statutes, is amended to read as follows:

"§209E-11 State general excise exemptions. The department shall certify annually to the department of taxation that any qualified business is exempt from the payment of general excise taxes on the gross proceeds from an eligible business activity as defined in this chapter; provided that agricultural businesses other than those engaged in the production of genetically-engineered agricultural products shall not be exempt from the payment of general excise taxes on the gross proceeds of agricultural retail sales. The gross proceeds received by a contractor licensed under chapter 444 shall be exempt from the general excise tax for construction within an enterprise zone performed for a qualified business within an enterprise zone or a business that has been approved by the department to enroll into the enterprise zone program. The exemption shall extend for a period not to exceed [~~seven~~] nine years; provided that for qualified businesses engaged in the manufacturing of tangible personal property or the producing or processing of agricultural products, the exemption shall extend for a period not to exceed [~~ten~~] twelve years; provided further that if a force majeure event occurs, then the period of time shall be tolled until the force majeure event ceases."

PART III

SECTION 9. This Act shall apply to all qualified businesses, as defined in section 209E-2, Hawaii Revised Statutes, that join the enterprise zone program on or after the effective date of this Act.

SECTION 10. Statutory material to be repealed is bracketed and stricken. New statutory material is underscored.

SECTION 11. This Act shall take effect on July 1, 2026; provided that:

(1) Section 7 shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 2026; and

(2) Section 8 shall take effect on January 1, 2028.

THE SENATE	S.B. NO.	2360
THIRTY-THIRD LEGISLATURE, 2026		S.D. 1
STATE OF HAWAII		H.D. 2
		C.D. 1